How is electricity best defined in terms of atomic interaction?

Electricity is best defined as the flow of electrons from one atom to another because it fundamentally revolves around the behavior of electrons, which are the subatomic particles that carry electric charge. In conductive materials, electrons can move freely between atoms, enabling the transfer of electrical energy. This movement is what creates electric current, making it a key concept in understanding how electrical systems function.

The flow of electrons is essential to the principles of electricity, as it allows for the generation of electric fields and currents, which in turn power devices and systems. In contrast, options that mention protons, static charge, or chemical reactions do not capture the direct mechanism of electricity's behavior in terms of current flow. Protons are bound within the atomic nucleus and do not move freely to create electrical phenomena in the same way electrons do. Static charge in insulators pertains to the state of charge without movement, and while chemical reactions can involve electron transfers, they do not define electricity itself in the context of atomic interaction. Thus, the correct choice emphasizes the dynamic movement of electrons, which is central to the understanding of electricity.